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We need salt to survive as our bodies rely on sodium for muscle
contractions, nerve transmissions and the control systems for balancing
body fluids, together with other electrolytes like potassium.
However, our bodies react negatively when we consume too much salt, and
this can affect our brain, kidneys, arteries and heart.
The overuse of salt can cause chemical imbalances that can lead to
death.
Salt is the major factor contributing to stroke and heart attacks in
South Africa, claiming more lives each year than all forms of cancer
combined. The World Health Organization recommends 5g per day; however,
it is estimated that South Africans use 8.5g.
Here is a list of reasons why too much salt is bad for your health:
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Cardiovascular disease
Exceeding the recommended daily sodium intake contributes to a high risk
of cardiovascular disease in adults. According to an article published
in the The BMJ, high salt intake is associated with a significantly
increased risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease. |
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Brain
According to the Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, high dietary
sodium intake has been linked to hypertension and cardiovascular disease
(CVD). The study also reveals that a high dietary sodium intake may
impair cognitive function in older people. |
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Oedema
Swelling of the knees or feet and even your hands can be caused by
oedema. An article published in Livestrong.com claims that a high sodium
diet causes your body to retain water. Depending on the severity, it may
be treated with either a change in diet or prescription medication. |
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Craving more salt/unhealthy foods
Consuming too much salt over a long period of time can make your taste
buds accustomed to the taste, no longer registering how much salt you're
consuming. |
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Stomach cancer
Overconsumption of processed foods is harmful to your stomach. Reducing
your bacon, sausages, high in salt and hidden fats can reduce your risk
of stomach cancer, according to Consensus Action on Salt & Health. Men
are more vulnerable than women.
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Kidneys
Your kidneys help to remove waste products, balance fluid levels and
control the production of red blood cells in your body. But with a high
salt intake and high blood pressure combined, this can be lethal to your
kidneys. According to an article published in Blood Pressure UK, this
reduces your kidneys' ability to filter out unwanted toxins.
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Bloating
Eating out can leave you feeling bloated and the foods high in salt tend
to be the culprit. Health24 previously reported that high sodium foods,
usually processed foods, can cause the body to retain water. It is
highly recommended that you read your food labels and refrain from
adding salt, rather adding herbs or spices for flavour.
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