Introduction:
Stephen was a famous scientist who made discoveries in the field of cosmology. He was born in Oxford, England, on January 8, 1942. His father was a famous researcher in medicine and he also wanted him to seek his carrier in medicine but Stephen was not particularly interested in medicine. He chose physics and mathematics as his major field of study.
Early Education:
In early education in St. Alban's school, he was not an outstanding student. He was an average student at his school and also at Oxford University. Later on, he started a great interest in physics that results in first-class honors in physics (1992). Then he entered into postgraduate studies at Cambridge University, where he focused to study cosmology.
Graduation:
His talents were recognized at Cambridge University that was the time when he was diagnosed with Lou Gehrig's disease. He is confined in a wheelchair due to a disease that damages the nervous and muscular system. Despite his physical disabilities, he received his doctorate in 1966. He started his teaching at Cambridge University.
Married life:
He married a lady named, Jane Wilde in 1965. Three children were born to them.
In 1995 he married one of his nurses named, Elaine Mason.
Disability:
In 1963 at the age of 21, Stephen was diagnosed with a motor neuron disease. ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is one of several motor neuron diseases. He lived for 55 years with the incurable condition of ALS disease. Care from his wife, nurses and physical therapists made him survive for a longer time.
Stephen's Books:
He wrote 15 books. Some of them are:
• 'A Brief History Of Time'
In 1998 he wrote his first book 'A brief history of time', in which he formulated some of his ideas of cosmology, space and time and the existence of God and the future.
• ' A Universe In A Nutshell'
In 2001 he published this book that offers more guide to the cosmology's big theories.
• ' The Grand Design'
In 2010, in one of his books 'The Grand Design', he spoke denied the idea of Isaac Newton that God created the universe. He spoke against the idea that God created the universe.
Theories Formulated By Stephen:
Theory of singularity ______he showed that the Big bang theory containing numerous small particles, called mini black holes, ruled by the laws of relativity. Quantum mechanics laws apply to them.
• Hawking radiation is due to black holes radiating energy, this is due to quantum effect at a region called event horizon that is near the edge of the black hole.
• He revised his theory in 2014, commenced that "there are no black holes". This concept removes the existence of 'event horizon', the point where nothing can escape. Instead of this, there would be an apparent horizon that would alter according to quantum changes within the black hole.
• He also proposed: Much like earth, the universe also has no boundary. One can travel around the planet infinitely; there is no wall to encounter.
What were his thoughts about God?
He explained his thoughts about God. He said that there is no God. No one made the cosmos, and no one controls our destiny.
Further, in 2011 he explained that there is no heaven or afterlife.
Motivational Quotes by Stephen Hawking:
Some of his motivational quotes are as follows:
• "If you're always angry or complaining, people won't have time for you."
• "Science is increasingly answering questions that used to be the province of religion."
• "Science can lift people out of poverty and cure disease. That, in turn, will reduce civil unrest."
• "Intelligence is the ability to adapt to change."
• "There is no unique picture of reality."
• "Work gives you meaning and purpose, and life is empty without it."
• "I believe alien life is quite common in the universe, although intelligent life is less so. Some say it has yet to appear on planet earth."
• "In my opinion, there is no aspect of reality beyond the reach of the human mind."
Awards and Medals:
The following are some of the medals and awards he has received:
• Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009 was awarded to him.
• In 1978, he received the Albert Einstein Award.
• The Franklin Medal was awarded in 1981.
• In 2006, the Copley Medal was awarded.
• In 1988, the Wolf Prize in Physics was awarded.
• Adams Award (1966)
• In 1985, he received the Royal Astronomical Society's, Gold Medal.
• In 1987, the Institute of Physics awarded him the Dirac Medal.
• In 2009, the Audie Award for Science Fiction was given.
Death:
A man having a brilliant mind was passed away at the age of 76 years old on 14 March 2018 in England due to ALS disease.