Groundwater sustainability is the development and use of groundwater resources to meet current and future beneficial uses without causing unacceptable environmental or socioeconomic consequences.
one of the main problems with groundwater quality in Pakistan is high salinity, which results from waterlogging of salinized soils due to irrigation, dissolution of salts in the sediments, evaporation under the arid conditions, industrial pollution and in coastal areas from seawater intrusion. The main problems associated with groundwater are drying up of wells, reduction of water in streams and lakes, deterioration of water quality, increased pumping costs and land subsidence etc.
In Pakistan we can witness these groundwater problems mostly in the urbanized areas because, the distribution of groundwater salinity is relatively well known. The problem affects the groundwaters in large parts of Sindh, Punjab, Balochistan and southern North West Frontier Province.
For example, Karachi, as it’s located in Sindh, which is well known for its industrialization (factories, seaports etc.) mostly faces the groundwater problem in Pakistan. Stressors that affect ground water condition include application of pesticides and fertilizers to the land, waste from livestock and other animals, landfills, mining operations, and unintentional releases such as chemical spills or leaks from storage tanks. On top of that because of the high population in Karachi, it mostly affects the pollution, which is a major reason for groundwater problems, the plastic waste may reach in water pipes through littering, that may cause water logging.
We can bring the change in groundwater problems by adopting some parameters such as properly dispose of all waste; don't dump chemicals down drains or on the ground, test underground fuel oil tanks for leaks; if possible, replace them above ground, safely store all chemicals and fuels, minimize the use of chemicals; always use according to directions, Growing more vegetation like trees, grasses and bunds can enhance groundwater, Great efforts should be made to 'harvest' rainwater, Efforts like 'watershed development projects' should be implemented in cities and Small bunds can be built across streams to stop the flow of water.
Three appropriate solutions for preserving groundwater for the future and protecting it from contamination are recycling groundwater for reuse, regulating the amount of groundwater used to water neighborhood lawns, and monitoring the chemicals used and released during fossil fuel extraction.
Avoid water pollution, or there will be water but not a single drop to drink. Water pollution needs a fast solution. Don't throw trash at the fish's house. A day without water is hard, so don't let it become your future.