Introductions:
The World Food Summit Of 1996 Defined Food Security As Existing “When All People
At All Times Have Access To Enough, Safe, Nutritious Food To Maintain A Healthy
And Active Life”.
Commonly, The Concept Of Food Security Is Defined As Including Both Physical And
Economic Access To Food That Meets People's Healthy Needs As Well As Their Food
Preferences. In Order To Nourish A Population Of 9 Billion In 2050, The World
Will Need A New Vision For Agriculture Delivering Food Security, Environmental
Sustainability And Economic Opportunity Over Agriculture. This Will Require
Producing More Food With Rarer Resources While Refreshing Rural Economies. It
Can Be Achieved Through Collaboration, Investment And Innovation Among All
Investors.
Food Security Is Built On Three
Pillars:
Food Availability: Amount Of Food Available On Regular Bases For Peoples Who
Need This.
Food Access: Resources For Peoples Who Want This For Subsistence.
Food Use: Appropriate Use Based On Knowledge Of Basic Nutrition And Care, As
Well As Sufficient Water And Sanitation.
Food Security Is A Complex
Sustainable Development Issue, Linked To Health Through Malnutrition, But Also
To Sustainable Economic Development, Environment, And Trade. There Is A Debate
Around Food Security With Some Disagreeing That: There Is Enough Food In The
World To Feed Everyone Adequately; The Problem Is Distribution. Future Food
Needs Can Or Cannot Be Met By Current Levels Of Production. National Food
Security Is Dominant Or No Longer Necessary Because Of Global Trade.
Globalization May Or May Not Lead To The Determination Of Food Insecurity And
Poverty In Rural Communities.
Food Security Influences On:
The Food Security Affects Individuals, Families And Children’s, Economy,
Environment .Community And Health.
Food Security Affects Individuals As Each Person Needs To Be Able To Achieve
Safe, Quality Nutritious Foods In Order To Grow Strong And Be Healthy,
Physically And Mentally. Poor Nutrition Can Affect The Development Of The Mind
And Body And The Effects Can Former A Lifetime.
It Also Affect Families As Parents Often Worry About Having Enough Food To Give
To Their Children So That They Can Grow Up Strong And Healthy. When Food Is
Infrequent, Parents Often Feed Their Children Before They Feed Themselves To
Ensure That The Children Receive Enough Food. Some Families Are Under Constant
Stress As They Worry Whether There Is Enough Food For Dinner And The Next Day.
This Stress Can Harm Relationships And Health.
Food Security Affects
Communities As Some People Are Forced To Leave Their Communities Because They
Cannot Make Plenty Money As An Agriculturalist Or Fisher. In Some Cities, People
Are Driven To Steal Or Sell Drugs In Order To Obtain Food. Justice And Social
Justice Happen When Everyone In A Community Is Treated Fairly And Has The Same
Opportunities In Life. A Healthy Community Is When People Feel That They Are A
Part Of The Community As The Result Of Supportive Public Rules.
Food Security Also Affects Environment As The Methods Used To Grow, Gather, And
Distribute Food May Negatively Affect The Environment In Many Ways Including:
Loss Of Natural Vegetation, Wiping Out Plants, Running Out Of Fish Stocks,
Decreased Availability Of Land, Water And Air Contamination, And Poorer Air
Quality Due To The Oil And Gas Used To Transport Food.
It Also Effect On Economy As Local Economies May Suffer If Small Businesses Are
Lacking Out By Large-Scale Agri-Businesses. This Creates Job Loss And Loss Of
Money Because The Money We Spend On Food Does Not Remain In Our Communities.
Food Is Depending On Health As Well. Income Plays A Major Role In Access To Food
And Has A Significant Impact On Food Security. Not Having Enough Money May Lead
To Not Having An Adequate Amount To Eat And Not Having Good Quality, Nutritious
Food. This Can Have Short And Long Term Effects On Physical And Mental Health.
Climate Change:
Climate Change Also Plays A Vital Role In Food Security. With The World’s
Population Set To Reach 9 Billion By 2050, Agricultural Production Will Need To
Increase By 70% In Order To Meet Demand. Climate Change Adds A New Dimension Of
This Challenge As It Is One Of The Key Drivers Of Change Affecting The Food
System And Contributing To Rising Food Prices. It Leads To Changes In Growing
Seasons And Rainfall Patterns And The Increased Frequency Of Extreme Events Such
As Lacks And Overflows. It Has Been Estimated By The United Nations Environment
Programmed That Up To 25 Per Cent Of World Food Production Could Be Lost By 2050
As A Result Of Climate Change, Water Scarcity And Land Degradation. Many
Organization’s Around The World Are Working To Find Ways To Produce The Food
Needed In A Sustainable Way, Within The Limits Of What Our Ecosystems Can
Support For Current And Future Generations, And To Safeguard This Production
From The Impacts Of Climate Change. The Impacts Of Climate Change On Food And
Nutrition Security Is Impairing Current Inequalities In Access To Resources And
Contributing To Injustice Those Who Have Done Least To Cause The Climate Change
Problem Are Already Suffering Its Influences On One Of Their Most Fundamental
Human Rights The Right To Food.
Agriculture Research
Development Must To Ensure Food Security .Dr. Muhammad Afzal 2011 Food Security
In The Country Depends Upon On How Much The Government Spends On The Agriculture
Research. He Said That Pakistan Needs Coordinated Efforts To Boost Food Security
For The Future Generations. Some Basic Points Of His Research Were Given Below:
He Said That Over Years, The Parc (Pakistan Agriculture Research Council) Has
Succeeded In Enhancing The Total Crop Production In The Country. Citing The
Example Of Wheat Production, He Said That The Yield Of Wheat Crop Has Been
Enhanced From Just 4 Million Tons In Early Sixties To 23 Million Tons In 2009.
He Said That There Was A Lot Of Ability As Well As Capacity To Help Increase
Agriculture But The Council Needs Long Term Savings To Carry Forward The
Research Projects. He Said That There Was Some Lack Of Reserves To Carry Onward
Research Projects, However, Preserved That We Have No Option But To Spend On
Research If We Are Serious About Safeguarding Food Security In The Country. He
Stressed The Need For Coordinated Efforts Among The Federal And Provincial
Research Institutions Including Universities And National Agriculture Research
System For Improving Crop In The Country. He Said That In Pakistan For Food
Security Wheat Is Important Goods And Steps Are Being Taken To Improve It’s Per
Acre Crop Through Better Research And Introducing Its New Seed Varieties. He
Also Stressed The Need For Effective Use Of Water Resources And To Decrease Its
Waste By Smoothing Of The Land.
Muhammad Akbar. Agriculture
Plays A Major Role In Pakistan’s Economy; It Accounts For 21% Of Gdp And 45% Of
The Staff Is Working In Agriculture. But Agriculture In Pakistan Faces Many
Problems And In Spite Of Its Importance To The Country, Food Security Is Not
Certain For Important Portions Of The Country. Food Price Rise In Pakistan Has
Averaged 18%For The Last Four Years While The Buying Power Of The Poor People
Has Weakened Meaningfully. A Strong National Agricultural Research System Is
Necessary To Increase And Tolerate Food Production. In Pakistan, National
Agricultural Research System Consists Of The Federal Pakistan Agriculture
Research Council (Parc), As Well As Provincial Research Institutes And
Agricultural Universities. Parc Aims To Conduct, Support Coordinate And Promote
Agricultural Research Throughout Pakistan. Parc Introduced National Coordinated
Research Programmers (Ncrp) In 1976 On Various Crops, Such As Wheat And Sugar,
To Strengthen Research Capabilities. Dr. Muhammad Akbar Obtained Phd In Plant
Breeding And Genetics From Japan In 1973. He Has 30 Years’ Experience In Rice
Research And Development. He Has Published 60 Papers On Rice Research,
Production, Yield Constraints, Packages Of Technology For Rice Production,
Post-Harvest Rice Processing. So In Short He Was Very Worried About Their Nation
To Get Enough Food.
Importance Of Food Security Is:
Everybody Is Affected By Food
Quality And Availability, From The Food Producers To The Food Consumers. But
Some People Are More Affected Than Others. For Instance Children, People
Suffering From Poverty And The Disabled Are More Likely To Experience Food
Insecurity Due To Their Lack Of Access To Sufficient Food As Well As To
Nutritious Food. Constant And Chronic Food Insecurity Can Have Many Negative
Effects On Our Society, Economy, And Political Systems. These Are Just A Few
Reasons That Make Food Security An Important Issue For All People. Nutrition And
Food Security Are Essential Influences To The Healthy Development Of Children.
Proper Diets With The Required Nutrients Contribute To A Child’s Overall
Well-Being. When Children Experience Food Insecurity Or Do Not Have Access To
Nutritionally Balanced And Appropriate Diets, They Are More Subject To Illness,
Obesity, Diabetes, And Increased Health Problems.