Healthy Environment
How to affect pollution :
More than six billion people live on earth. The earth gives us everything we
need to live. It gives us air to breathe, food to eat, and water to drink. It
gives us material for our clothes and for building our houses.
The number of people living on the earth is increasing. In order to fulfill the
needs of all people, farmers are trying to grow more and more crops. Trees are
being cut down to built houses and roads. New factories and industries are being
built. All these things are having a very bad effect on earth.
Environment and pollution:
The natural world that surrounds a living thing is called its environment. The
environment affects the growth and development of all living things. Humans are
making the environment dirty in many ways. When some unwanted and harmful
material appears in an environment it is called pollution. Any thing which harms
the environment is called a pollutant.
Pollutants which can be broken down by bacteria into harmless chemicals or gases
are called biodegradable pollutant, such as those that are used in sewage
treatment plants. Some pollutants that can not be broken down by bacteria are
called non-biodegradable pollutants. Plastics are an example. If non-
biodegradable pollutants enter rivers, they can kill plants and animals in the
water. As these rot away, long stretches of river become heavily polluted and
all the fish can die.
Air, water and land can become polluted by harmful chemicals or dirty waste
materials that may be solid, liquid or gas. Unwanted loud sounds can cause noise
pollution.
There are many types pollution:
1- Air pollution
2- Noise pollution
3- Water pollution
4- Land pollution
1- Air Pollution:
We need fresh air to live. Fresh air contains oxygen. Air near towns and cities
contains many harmful substances. Harmful gases, smoke from truck, car rickshaws
and motor cycles contain harmful chemical.
Carbon dioxide gas produced from burning cool, oil, gas or wood goes into the
air. Carbon dioxide gas in the air traps the heat of the sun. It warms the
earth. If there is too much carbon dioxide gas in the air, the earth will become
too warm and most animals and plant will die.
2- Noise Pollution:
Unwanted loud sounds can cause noise pollution. Use of pressure horns, cars,
motor cycles, rickshaws without silencers creates noise pollution on roads.
3- Water pollution:
When a river originates in the mountain, its water is clean and pure. When it
passes along side a farm, chemicals from fertilizers may be washed into it. When
it flows past a town, chemicals from factories and houses flow into it. Dirty
water from houses is called sewage. Polluted water contains chemicals, bacteria
and other substances which can make people ill or even cause death. Oil tankers
carry tones of oil. If an oil tanker leaks, it creates an oil spill in the sea.
Oil kills fish, seabird and other animals.
4- Land Pollution:
Farmers grow crops to supply the food that people need. If more and more crops
are grown the same land for many years, the plants use up the important minerals
in the soil and no more plants can grow in the soil.
Animals feed on grass and small plants. Sometimes they eat all the grass. No
grass is left to hold the soil. the soil can easily be blown away by wind or
swept away by rain water. By this health may be affected.
Pollution causes changes in weather:
The ozone layer of the atmosphere protects the earth from the harmful
ultraviolet rays of the sun. air pollution due to CFCs is making the ozone layer
thinner in some places. More of the sun’s energy is reaching the earth’s
atmosphere. As a result, the world is getting warmer.
The green hose effect:
Burning fuels such as oil, gas, coal or wood, replaces carbon dioxide gas into
the atmosphere. Plants are carbon dioxide
To make their food, so when trees are cut down, the amount of carbon dioxide in
the air increase. It traps the heat from the sun and stops it from the sun and
stops it from escaping into space. Keeping the earth warm in this way is called
the green house effect.
If the earth’s atmosphere becomes much warmer, the ice caps at the poles will
begin to melt. The melted ice will cause the level of the seas to rise, which
could cause serious floods in low -laying towns, cities and fields.
If the seas become warmer, sea animals and plants will be affected. In other
parts of the world, a lack of rain will make the land too dry and dusty for any
living thing to survive.
Poisonous gasses and chemicals from factory chimneys dissolve in rainwater and
fall as acid rain. This rain damage crops and destroys trees and stone
buildings. When acid rain falls in rivers and lakes, it harms the fish and
plants living in the water.
How to control pollution:
We can control the pollution in the following ways:
• Trees should not be cut down unnecessarily.
• New trees should be planted.
• Crops should not be sprayed with harmful chemicals.
• Fumes from engines and factories should be filtered.
• Waste material should be recycled where possible.
• Untreated sewages should not be dumped in river and the ocean.
• Silencers must be fitted on cars, motor cycles and rickshaws.
• Music should not be played loudly.
• Loud speaker should not be used UN necessarily.
Disappearing life:
We must ensure a clean, healthy environment. We must ensure that our world is
clean and a fit environment to live in. we share to earth continue to flourish.
We can save our life by little cure of environment.
Plants are very important for life on the earth:
Plants provide food for human and animals. Plants take in carbon dioxide gas
from the air to make their food. They give out oxygen gas. Humans and animals
breathe in oxygen gas and breathe out carbon dioxide gas. Without trees, the
soil dries up and cracks. It is easily carried away by wind and water. it helps
in forming clouds and so trees affect the rainfall of an area. If we cut down
trees, no water will be carried from the soil to the leaves and therefore, there
will be less rainfall.