ENDOCRINE SYSTEM:
Your endocrine system is in charge of creating and releasing hormones to maintain countless bodily functions. Endocrine tissues include your pituitary gland, thyroid, pancreas and others. There are several conditions related to endocrine system issues — usually due to a hormone imbalance or problems directly affecting the tissue.
NORMAL FUNCTIONS OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM:
Some examples of bodily functions that are controlled by the endocrine system include:metabolism,growth and development,sexual function and reproduction,heart rate,blood pressure,appetite,sleeping and waking cycles,body temperature
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM:
The reproductive system of an organism, also known as the genital system, is the biological system made up of all the anatomical organs involved in sexual reproduction. Many non-living substances such as fluids and hormones are important accessories to the reproductive system.
NORMAL FUNCTION OF REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM:
The female reproductive system provides several functions. In addition to allowing you to have sexual intercourse, it also helps you reproduce.
Your ovaries produce eggs. These eggs are then transported to your fallopian tube during Ovulation where fertilization by a sperm may occur. The fertilized egg then moves to your uterus, where the uterine lining has thickened in response to the normal hormones of your menstrual cycle (also called your reproductive cycle). Once in your uterus, the fertilized egg can implant into the thickened uterine lining and continue to develop. If implantation doesn’t take place, the uterine lining is shed as your menstrual period. In addition, the female reproductive system produces sex hormones that maintain your menstrual cycle
POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS):
Polycystic ovary syndrome, or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is the most common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age.The name ‘polycystic ovary syndrome’ is a misnomer,as not all women with this condition develop cysts on their ovaries. The name originated from the observation of cysts which form on the ovaries of some women with this condition, though this is not a universal symptom and not the underlying cause of the disorder.It is a disease of the endocrine system that affects the reproductive system
WHAT ARE THE SIGN OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS)?
The most common signs and symptoms of PCOS include:
Irregular periods: Abnormal menstruation involves missing periods or not having a period at all. It may also involve heavy bleeding during periods.
Abnormal hair growth: You may grow excess facial hair or experience heavy hair growth on your arms, chest and abdomen (hirsutism). This affects up to 70% of people with PCOS.
Acne: PCOS can cause acne, especially on your back, chest and face. This acne may continue past your teenage years and may be difficult to treat.
Obesity: Between 40% and 80% of people with PCOS have obesity and have trouble maintaining a weight that’s healthy for them.
Darkening of the skin: You may get patches of dark skin, especially in the folds of your neck, armpits, groin (between the legs) and under your breasts. This is known as acanthosis Nigerians.
Cysts: Many people with PCOS have ovaries that appear larger or with many follicles (egg sac cysts) on ultrasound.
Skin tags: Skin tags are little flaps of extra skin. They’re often found in your armpits or on your neck.
Thinning hair: People with PCOS may lose patches of hair on their head or start to bald.
Infertility: PCOS is the most common cause of female infertility. Not ovulating regularly or frequently can result in not being able to conceive.
PREVENTION:
Can I prevent PCOS or its effects?
There’s no proven way to prevent PCOS, but you can take small steps to reduce your symptoms. For example, eating nutritious foods, exercising regularly and managing a healthy weight for your body can help you avoid the effects of PCOS.
HOW TO MAKE PCOS BALANCE BY NUTRITIONIST VALUE:
PCOS: WHY DIET MATTERS
People with polycystic ovary syndrome are more likely to also have obesity, systemic inflammation, metabolic syndrome , insulin resistance or a combination of these chronic conditions. All of them raise the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and other illnesses. Not everyone with polycystic ovary disease has these complications, but for those who do, reaching and maintaining a healthy weight is our first concern,” Stathos says, “and that starts with diet and exercise.”
FOODS TO AVOID WITH PCOS:
However, stathos notes, eating too many foods associated with inflammation can aggravate PCOS symptoms and raise the risk of myriad other diseases that people with PCOS are at risk for developing, such as heart disease.
People with PCOS should avoid these foods that can ramp up inflammation:
Fried foods (French fries, potato chips, corn chips and fried chicken or fish)
Saturated fats such as butter or margarine
Red meat, including hamburgers, roast beef and steaks, processed luncheon meat and hot dogs
Processed snacks: cakes, cookies, candy and pies
Prepared cereal high in sugar, including instant oatmeal, granola
Sugary beverages such as sodas, teas and sports drinks
Alcoholic beverages
Refined flour, white bread, rolls, pizza crust and pasta
White rice
BEST FOODS FOR PCOS:
“Substituting whole, unprocessed options for inflammatory items can set the stage for better long-term health,” Stathos says. Choices such as these from the Mediterranean diet can help you get to a healthy weight and manage PCOS symptoms with plenty of nutrition and great taste:
Omega-3 rich fish, such as salmon, baked or broiled
Olive oil instead of butter or margarine
Beans and other protein-rich legumes instead of meat
Non-starchy vegetables such as leafy greens (spinach, kale, escarole, endive, lettuce, etc.), tomatoes, mushrooms, peppers, broccoli, cauliflower, snow peas, celery and fennel
Whole grains , such as brown rice, barley, sorghum and others. Breads and pastas made with whole grains can help people with PCOS avoid spikes in blood sugar.
Whole fruit for dessert. The fiber content in whole fruit helps you feel full, helps your digestion and slows down the absorption of its sugars into the bloodstream.
Drinking plenty of water and low- or no sugar beverages Staying hydrated is essential: Drink plenty of water, unsweetened coffee or tea. Instead of soda, try seltzer with a splash of fruit juice.
REFERENCES:
My.clevelandclinic
Healthdirect
acog.org
Hopkinsmedicine
Submitted by
Anoosha Tauqeer
HAMDARD UNIVERSITY KARACHI
Bs human nutrition and dietetics
Professor Name: Sir Noman Khan