Book Review (Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World
Order)
This one of the renowned thesis is based on hypothesis written by Samuel P
Huntington.
Writer elaborates this book in five parts
1, He thinks that multipolar and multi civilization is distinct from
westernization for the first time in global politics.
2, Balance of war among Civilizations is shifting.
3, New World order is emerging.
4, West universalist tensions increasingly bringing conflicts with other
civilizations most seriously with Islam & China.
5, On the ultimate western survival will depend on America.
He further believed that In this era of modernism most pivotal and dangerous
conflicts will not between social class, rich poor, other economically defined
groups, but between people belonging to different culture entities.
Writer separated civilizations into six parts.
1, Sinic ( Vietnam, Korea, China)
2, Japanese
3, Hindu ( Indian, India and Hindu)
4, Islam ( Middle East and other Muslim countries)
5, Orthodox ( Russian)
6, Western ( Europe, North America , Latin America).
He predicted that in future concept of universalism will be tightened more and
human beings will emerge into one language, one religion and one government in
the world. No doubt in past Chinese, Muslims and Russian struggled hard for
their supremacy and now westerns is pursuing this persistence and it can be seen
that western culture is spreading in each and every corner of the world. Western
language is consider to be one the most speaking language in the world and this
is the best political way to rule the world without waging a war. Although in
future, many countries of every continent will adopt many pivotal western
concept to improve their economy i.e urbanisation industrialization, literacy,
capitalism etc. Now the Question arises :
Will the world survive without westernization?
Seems a dream often in future but adopting modernization could be the best
option to survive in the world, Pursuing modernization isn't mean you're
pursuing westernization. modernization can be succeed without westernization.
Undoubtedly west had ruled the world for many decades because they had modern
elements to control the every territory of the world and in 19th century in the
era of westernization religion lost its importance due to the concepts of
secularism and communism but now things have changed, Religion again is
overwhelming among people and if we figure out the reports between 1990 to 1998
which is mentioned in thesis, it can be seen that building of many churches,
mosques , temples is increasing day by day and its ratio is higher in Asia which
is declared one of happiest continent in the world. China is greater example for
not adopting western concept but improving itself in modernization i.e improving
its modernity in economic growth and neo militarisation.
Writer thinks ; soon western power will fall into the hands of Asian power and
religion will play its pivotal role in it.
China will improve its status in Asia because greater china is still the first
priority of the Chinese people. China took great advantage between 1980 to 2000,
On the one hand when two superpowers US and USSR were immersed in the cold war
china were improving its economy on the other hand and finally demanded the
world to share in powers. Chinese people can been seen in every major fields of
the world. Although they're seems to be victorious in the world and triumph is
closer for Sinic Civilization. Power of Islam can not be denied either because
Islam is spreading briskly and according to their faith they believed in one
God, one government and one culture which I already mentioned above and One
Muslim country might lead whole Islamic civilization in future it could be KSA,
Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, Indonesia but naming that country could be hasty. We can
even see immigration is losing its value in Europe and western countries and
according to Samuel P Huntington, He mentioned the statistics index of French
people in which it could be seen that 76% French voted against the immigration
while in Germany it's ratio is 47% and after 9/11 above 60% of American even
voted against immigration and this is happened just because of to stop Islamic
spreadings in their countries because Islam is the only civilization which has
put the survival of the west in doubt. A prominent Indian Journalist predicted
in 1992, that the world's next confrontation is definitely going to come from
the Muslim world. Many muslin scholars believed that west is militaristic and
Imperialistic and has traumatized other nations through colonial terror.
Individualism, the halt mark of western culture is the source of all troubles.
No doubt reputation of Islam in west is recognised as fundamentalist and
terrorist religion. According to the writer it is not Islamic terrorism who is
the actual problem of west, It is his speed of spreading in west. Western people
is feared that one day west will be dominated by Islam. As I Mentioned above
China is aiming to build Greater China in the world and China has become
stronger in economic power and overwhelming its influence in Asia without waging
war and west biggest leader America does not want china to be the Asian Super
power in future, Similarly china doesn't want US to hold superpower in the world
although writer thinks that West specially US will improve its diplomatic ties
with anti Chinese nations like Japan and India to block its economic growth and
Japan might fall into the hands of China as well but India will increase its
Antagonism towards china and Yes, it is happening. Huntington believes that
Islam and Sinic Civilization will act together to fight war against Western
Civilization as it is even happening, china has many pivotal diplomatic
relations with Pakistan, Iran and KSA. They have made stronger relationships in
many political, social and economical aspects. Tehran-Beijing-Islamabad axis is
getting stronger day by day.
Mua'ammar Al Gadhafi once said in 1994 :
The new world order means that Jews and Christians wants to control Muslims and
if they succeed than they will go after to dominate themselves to Confucianism
and other religions in India, China and Japan.
They always determined to crush communism and now they want to crush Islam and
Confucianism. Let's hope see china to defend Confucianism so we can stand
together with China to defend their and ours religion. So, Ultimately our mutual
enemy would see his defeat.
Now if we figure out the role of Russia it seems to be 50/50. Sometimes Russia
is making themselves allay of China However, sometimes It has problems with both
his neighbouring civilizations. Russia can been seen to resist on Chinese
expansion in Siberia and its aimed reclamation on Mongolia which was detached by
Russia from china after WW1.Russia even has a long problems with Muslims as
well. If we go in the historical legacy we can see decades of Russian orthodoxy
war against Muslim Turks and its strategies to stop their influence in the
Balkans. Russia has been fighting one war in the northern Caucasus against the
Muslim people of Chechnya, spreading oppression in Tajikistan and helping
Armenia on the issue of Nagorno Karabakh. Individually India and Hindu
civilization could be one of the favourite ally of USA in Asia because it is
hostile towards both Since-Islamic Civilizations.
(In the End these clashes will take the world in stark and dreadful apocalypse)