Some 3-D shapes are namely
cuboids, cubes, cylinders of the 3-dimensional figures having flat faces, namely
cubes, cuboids, Faces, Vertices and Edges of a 3-dimensional Figure:
(i) Faces: Each flat part of a solid is called its face.
(ii) Vertices: Each corner where three faces of a solid meet is called its
vertex. The plural of vertex is vertices.
(iii) Edges: The two fA cuboid whose length, breadth and height are equal is
called a cube.
(i) Faces of a Cube:
A cube has 6 faces.
In the given figure, the 6 faces of the cube are:
ABCD, EFGH, ADHE, BCGF, ABFE and DCGH.
(ii) Vertices of a Cube:
A cube has 8 vertices.
In the given figure, the 8 vertices of the cube are:
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H.
(iii) Edges of a Cube:
A cube has 12 edges.
In the given figure, the 12 edges of the cube are:
AB, BC, CD, DA, EF, FG, GH, HE, AE, DH, BF, CG.aces of a solid meet in a line,
called an edge. pyramidsI. Cuboid:
A solid bounded by six rectangular plane faces is called a cuboid.
A box, a matchbox, a book, a brick, a tile, etc., are all in the shape of a
cuboid.
In the adjoining figure, ABCDEFGH is a cuboid.
(i) Faces of a Cuboid:
A cuboid has 6 faces.
In the given figure, the 6 faces of the cuboid are:
ABCD, EFGH, ADHE, BCGF, ABFE and DCGH.
(ii) Vertices of a Cuboid:
A cuboid has 8 vertices.
In the given figure, the 8 vertices of the cuboid are:
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H.
(iii) Edges of a Cuboid:
A cuboid has 12 edges.
In the given figure, the 12 edges of the cuboid are:
AB, BC, CD, DA, EF, FG, GH, HE, AE, DH, BF, CG.A cylinder stands on a circular
plane surface having circular plane surfaces on its top and bottom. Thus a
cylinder has two circular plane surfaces, one at its base and another at its
top. It has a curved surface in the middle.
It has two edges, at which the two plane surfaces meet with the curved surface.
These edges are curved edges.
In a cylinder there are 2 plane surfaces and 1 curved surface. There are 2 edges
and no vertices.
Parts of a Cylinder
2
The base and top of a cylinder are of the same shape (circular) and size. Thus,
both are identical.pyramid is a solid whose base is a plane rectilinear figure
whose side faces are triangles having a common vertex, called the vertex of the
pyramid.
(a) Square Pyramid:
It is a solid whose base is a square and whose side faces are triangles having a
common vertex.
In the adjoining figure, OABCD is a square pyramid with its vertex at O.
(i) Vertices of a Square Pyramid:
A square pyramid has 5 vertices.
In the given figure, OABCD is a square pyramid having O, A, B, C, D as its
vertices.
(ii) Faces of a Square Pyramid:
A square pyramid has faces one of which is a square face and the rest four are
triangular faces.
In the given figure, OABCD is a square pyramid having ABCD as its square face
and OAD, OCD, OBC and OAB as its triangular faces.
(iii) Edges of a Square Pyramid:
A square pyramid has 8 edges.
In the given figure, the square pyramid OABCD has 8 edges, namely, AB, BC, CD,
DA, OA, OB, OC and OD.Definition of sphere:
The ball-like shape is called a sphere. In sphere there is curve surface, no
edge and no vertex.
Parts of a Sphere
2
Some of the common solid figures are explained above in brief with the labeled
diagram to get the basic ideas of the solid shapes.cone has one plane circular
surface, i.e. its base and only one
curved surface. In a cone there is 1 plane surface and 1 curved
surface. There are 1 edge and 1 vertex.
Parts of a Cone
2
It has one edge which is formed by the circular plane surface
meeting with the curved surface. The edge of a cone is a curved
edge