Pakistan and India, two most important countries in the
region of south ASIA their relationship with each other replete with abundance
of history. The deep rooted connection they share is mostly and unfortunately
antagonistic for variety of reasons. Whether it is ideological, religious or
territorial. The conflictual nature of the relation between these two countries
always had been a center of attention for the countries of the words. It is not
only today that some existing territorial problems are the cause of acerbity in
their relationship but if we take a deeper insight into the very beginning of
the history then our mind will be illuminated with the fact that those bitter
event which these countries (indo-Pak) had experienced has also a far reaching
impact on their relationship. These events comprises ideological and religious
differences ill-will of Indians to form a nexus with the British against Muslim
of sub-continent during 1857 war of independence, large number of killing during
migration of 1947 after partition and unjust division of assets to Pakistan . It
is noteworthy that the Pakistan had to face a lot of problems at its nascent
days of independence when India showed careless attitude of not sending
respective furniture to Pakistan which was definitely Pakistan prerogative to
keep that.
The issues which proved to be an Achilles heels between India and Pakistan are
territorial disputes of Jammu and Kashmir, siachan glaciers, sir creek and some
hydro projects like wallar, kishanganga and baglihaaar projects. Consequently
their relation is what in TVPaul opinion an “enduring rivalry” is.
Development of south Asia has become hostage of IndiaPakistan conflicts because
it is vital cause behind the economic backwardness and instability of regional
cooperation (SAARC), founded in 1985, has not produced anticipated results due
to bilateral conflict between two main economies of south Asia region i.e.India
and Pakistan. The most centered conflict in south Asia is IndiaPakistan which
started with the departure of British though issues like sir creek
,siachen wullar barrages and terrorism exist yet Kashmir dispute can be
considered the underlying cause of PakistanIndia conflict empowerment of any
region is no doubt depend upon the enthusiastic desire of all the related
members in order to gain the fruitful and progressive result and strengthen the
region while in this regard India pak proved to be an Achilles heels.
let’s have the closer look to all those major conflicts between India and
Pakistan which is letting both the nations not to organize relations by heart
and soul and also the actual impediment to strengthen the bond between both
nations.
The Jammu and Kashmir is a territorial dispute between India and Pakistan which
remained unsolved till date. It lied in the northwest area of south Asia with an
area of 85,806 square miles, separated by a line of control mutually agreed by
Pakistan and India in 1972. Kashmir boundary circumnutatesIndia,Pakistan
Afghanistan and china. The Muslims in Kashmir lasted for five centuries from
1320 to 1819 rinchin, a Buddhist ruler embraced Islam in 1320 after the rule
gradually diverted in the hands of Sikh regime. During AngloSikh war impressed
British a lot that they finally bestow him the domination of Kashmir. When
Sikhindebted to east India company it further made an agreement under the lead
of herding to sold Kashmir for the sum of rs 75,00,000 this accord entitled as
treaty of Amritsar of 16 march 1846 and from there the rule of dogras started
Jammu and Kashmir soon smelt the rat by some of the malicious act committed by
the ruler which resulted into a grand upheaval and also an invitation for
tribesman of nearby to revolve against the government in order to snitch their
due right after all the sign of accession signed and India acknowledged it with
the condition of plebiscite according to the desire of Kashmir’s with whom want
to annex.
A number of United Nations commission had been formed in order to solve the
decade issue. United nation commission for India and Pakistan(UNCIP) is one of
them but unfortunately people of Kashmir’s still waiting for a day when they
will be able to experience a dawn of independence. Article 370 revolution.
Modi has crossed all the morals after revocation of article 370 in Jammu and
Kashmir and violated the innocent voices of Kashmiri’s by imposing a lockdown
all over the valley and it has been more than a year. All the communication
resources has been shut down. The prime minister of India trying to hush the
voices of Kashmir through power but he does not know that their passion for
independence is bigger than any arms and ammunition. it is become a mural
responsibility of the world to resolve the Kashmir conflict according to the
resolutions of united nations that not only these poor Kashmir take a sigh of
relief but also there should be a way paved for the restoration of healthy
relations between India and Pakistan.
Siachan issue is also a certified issue between India and Pakistan. It is a
glaciated area claimed by both the countries. Several accord’s had been made on
this regard to pacify the issue between the 1989 agreement provided opportunity
to resolve the issue that was less controversial main point of this accord are:
The Indian terms were:
1. Cerration of “cartographic aggression” by pakistan.
2. Establishing a demilitized (DMG) at siachen glaciers.
3. Interchange between pak and India of authentic drawing display existing
military outlooks in the field.
4. Devising of ground procedures to oversee military task in the region.
5. Delineation of a border from chart reference point NJ 9842 northward to the
boundary with china on the basis of ground realities.
6. Relocation of Pakistani and Indian forces to commonly decided location.
7. Contrary to it, Pakistani and Indian to commonly approved pre simla
rituations and afterwards.
8. Demarcation of an addition of the LOC ahead to NJ 9842.
Siachan issue like other conflicting issue has been at the agenda of talks
between Pakistan and India but no development has been made lack of political
will is an actual impediment to this issue solution. Indian denial to ratify
1989 accord and Pakistan situational demanding to the issue of siachan to the
linkage of Kashmir showed non serious behavior from back side.
SIR CREEK ISSUE:
Of all the bilateral disputes between Pakistan and India sir creek has the
simplest solution and can be resolved as a confidence building measure (CBM)
paring the way to settle the more complex one.
It is a 96 km marshy strip in the ran of Kutch area lying between the Sindh
province and Gujrat of India. The dispute is related to the ran of Kutch. During
independence Pakistan inherited the control of whole of Kutch northern part but
India occupied a part of it in 1956 in order to establish a naval base and
adjacent states Pakistan concern led to ministerial level task that only
recognized the dispute, but brought no solution, resulted into a skirmish in
Apr- May 1965. The 1914 resolution that awarded the whole of sir creek to Sindh
which in 1947 joined Pakistan while Gujrat opted for Indian , should have been
respected the matter would have been amicably resolved.
Pakistan and India had been indulged in to the water dispute even when India
stopped Pakistan water after independence further aggravated the situation this
just division of water reserves was solved by World Bank in 1960 through Indus
water treaty.
Wullar barrage project is on the agenda of Pakistan. India negotiations yet no
breakthrough has resulted a key reason behind in the attachment of one issue
with the other specially Kashmir, therefore both parties should abandon their
stereotypical behavior of suspending relationship and take a serious approach.
India and Pakistan also have controversies about India kishanganga power project
on the Jhelum river both parties are already discussing the dispute at the level
of permanent Induscommission since 2005 but the issue is still lying in the
arbitration court under mechanism of the India water treaty system court and
compromise has yet not been achieve.
Nuzhat Tariq Usman
Karachi